APPLICATIONS OF GARLIC IN AQUACULTURE

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 A.   Overview

Garlic, scientifically known as Allium sativum, is a familiar spice in daily meals that has very good effects on human health. Garlic is rich in nutrients. According to research, in 100g of garlic contains 6.36g of protein, 33g of carbohydrates, 150g of calories and nutrients such as vitamins of group B (B1, B2, B3, B6), iron, calcium, potassium, manganese, magnesium, phosphorus,. ..


The main active ingredients in garlic are sulfur organic compounds and glycosides. In addition, garlic is also high in germanium and selenium. In particular, the germanium content in garlic is higher than that of medicinal herbs such as ginseng, green tea, red tea, etc.


The basic effects of garlic mainly come from allicin. In fresh garlic there is no free allicin, only its precursor is alliin. When garlic is minced, the enzyme in garlic is activated which stimulates alliin to form allicin.


 

Currently, in aquaculture, garlic extract is also widely used in the treatment of diseases as well as increasing the resistance of shrimp, fish and frogs with many practical uses.

 

 

B.    Extraction of garlic essence and mechanism of action

Garlic contains many sulfur compounds such as ajoene, S-allyl cysteine and thiosulfinates in which allicin is considered the main active ingredient of garlic.


Allicin is produced when alliin (a sulfur-containing amino acid) comes into contact with the allinase enzyme when garlic is chewed, minced, or crushed. Allicin (C6H10OS2) has antibacterial and antifungal properties. Allicin substances are considered herbal antibiotics because they have the ability to inhibit the synthesis of proteins, DNA and RNA, and slow the growth of microorganisms. Some studies have shown that Allicin also affects amoeba parasites, which strongly inhibit the proteases cysteine, alcohol dehydrogenase and thioredoxin reductase. These are important enzymes for the correct maintenance of redox processes within the parasite.

Garlic also contains diallyl disulfide, which is not only stronger than some antibiotics used in Aquaculture, but also works faster.

C.   Applications of Garlic Extract in Aquaculture

1.    Replace and combine with traditional antibiotics

Allicin has a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of bacteria, 1/5 of penicillin and 1/10 of tetracycline. Therefore, we can use garlic to prevent bacterial infections as well as combine with antibiotics to improve the effectiveness of disease treatment for shrimp, fish, frogs, ..

2.     Prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases for animals

    Garlic can be used through probiotics in the form of mixing into food. This is the most convenient way to stimulate the immune system for shrimp, fish, frogs, etc., to improve the ability to absorb food, reduce the feed coefficient and prevent and fight intestinal infections.

3.     Inhibition of parasites

        Thanks to the ability to inhibit the redox process of the parasite, we can periodically add garlic to fish, frogs, shrimp, ... as well as feed a combination of anti-inflammatory drugs with garlic to improve efficiency as well as limit the process of antibiotic resistance of parasites.

Things to keep in mind when using garlic extract in aquaculture

-        Disease prevention eat continuously with food 2 days/week.

- Combination treatment in cases of prolonged re-infection, internal bleeding in fish, frogs...

- The active ingredients of garlic will decompose and reduce the effect at high temperatures. Garlic soaked in white wine for a long time has also been shown to have no therapeutic effect on aquatic animals.

- Because Alicin in garlic is considered an herbal antibiotic, when the animal is hungry, the digestive system is empty, easily causing digestive disorders. Therefore, do not use garlic for shrimp, fish and frog to eat when hungry. Should be added to the last meal of the day.

- When using garlic to prevent and treat bacterial infections in aquatic animals, it is possible to use garlic powder, or crush fresh garlic soaked with food or extract garlic extracts.

  


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          VINCORS Trading and Service Co., Ltd (VINCORS) was established in 2020 in the context that the seafood industry has strict requirements for sustainable quality products to meet the needs of farmed seafood. Towards building a leading brand in the distribution and production of products for the Aquaculture industry in Vietnam.  With the genuine motto "Bringing Prosperity" VINCORS will be the bridge to help farmers improve production efficiency, save time and costs.          VINCORS business philosophy, bringing the mission of creating the best and quality products and services to farmers and bringing prosperity to CUSTOMERS - EMPLOYEES - SOCIAL.           VINCORS is proud of its well-trained and experienced staff. With high expertise, enthusiasm and dedication to the profession, VINCORS engineers will bring customers trust and satisfaction. With the motto of building a prestigious brand,...
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